On This Day - 21st October

Mitsubishi ML-8000 becomes the first MSX computer
1983

Mitsubishi ML-8000 becomes the first MSX computer

The Mitsubishi ML-8000 went on sale in Japan on 21 October 1983, becoming the first MSX computer to reach the market. It used a Z80A-compatible processor, 32 KB RAM, 16 KB VRAM, TMS9918A-compatible graphics and an AY-3-8910A programmable sound generator. At ¥59,800, it was an early example of the new MSX standard, which aimed to provide compatibility between computers from different manufacturers.

The ML-8000 appeared after the ZX Spectrum, which had launched in Britain in 1982. Both used Z80-family processors, but the ML-8000 incorporated dedicated video hardware and three-channel PSG sound, whereas the original 48K Spectrum used Sinclair's simpler video system and a one-bit beeper. The later ZX Spectrum 128 would adopt the closely related AY-3-8912 sound chip.

Image: Mitsubishi ML-8000 — photograph by うぃき野郎, Wikimedia Commons, CC BY-SA 4.0. Cropped from the original.
CC licence link : https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
Source: MSX Wiki — Mitsubishi ML-8000
The MSX Wiki records the Mitsubishi ML-8000 as released in Japan on 21 October 1983 at a launch price of ¥59,800, with 32 KB RAM, 16 KB VRAM, TMS9918ANL video and AY-3-8910A PSG sound. Contemporary Japanese coverage also confirms the machine's appearance: the first issue of MSX Magazine, dated 8 November 1983, included the ML-8000 in its hardware news, while later issues carried advertisements and a review. The MSX Association's retrospective history specifically identifies 21 October 1983 as the release date of the first MSX machine, the Mitsubishi ML-8000.

Also in this month

Other historical information recorded for October.

Spectrum sales top 500,000
1983

Spectrum sales top 500,000

Sinclair Research announced that sales of the ZX Spectrum had passed half a million machines. The figure covered mail-order and retail sales between April 1982 and August 1983. Sinclair said the Spectrum had sold faster than the ZX81 over comparable periods and promised continued support through new peripherals, including the recently launched ZX Interface 1 and Microdrives.
Source: Sinclair User October 1983
Sinclair User Issue 19 reported that Sinclair Spectrum sales had exceeded 500,000. The figures covered sales from April 1982 to August 1983 and included both mail-order and retail sales. The article compared this with 400,000 ZX81s sold between March 1981 and July 1982. It also mentioned the August launch of the ZX Interface 1 and Microdrive, with a joystick and cartridge interface planned for later in the year.
Deus Ex Machina Released
1984

Deus Ex Machina Released

Automata released Deus Ex Machina, an ambitious multimedia work created by Mel Croucher and programmed for the ZX Spectrum by Andrew Stagg. Designed as an experience combining computer graphics, narration, music and a separate synchronised audio soundtrack, the 48K Spectrum program follows a lifeform through creation, birth, development, adulthood and death. The soundtrack featured contributions from performers including Ian Dury, Jon Pertwee, Frankie Howerd, Donna Bailey and E. P. Thompson. Croucher later described Deus Ex Machina as “the best game you never played”, a phrase subsequently used as the title of his book about the project and its creation.
Source: Sinclair User, November 1984; Your Spectrum, December 1984; Mel Croucher interview; Deus Ex Machina: The Best Game You Never Played in Your Life
Contemporary Sinclair User and Your Spectrum material documents Automata's Deus Ex Machina as a highly unusual 48K Spectrum production combining a computer program with a separate synchronised audio soundtrack. The work was created by Mel Croucher and programmed by Andrew Stagg, with contributions from Ian Dury, Jon Pertwee, Frankie Howerd, Donna Bailey and E. P. Thompson. In later interviews and his book about the project, Croucher reflected on Deus Ex Machina and described it as “the best game you never played”. The commonly cited release period is October 1984, although an exact day has not yet been established from contemporary evidence.
Page Revised: 07/09/2026